Islam in Armenia is practiced by a very small minority, reflecting the country’s predominantly Christian heritage.
Muslim Population
As of the 2011 census, there were approximately 812 Muslims in Armenia, constituting about 0.03% of the total population. More recent estimates suggest this number has declined to around 515 individuals, or 0.02%, by 2022 . The majority of Muslims in Armenia today are temporary residents, such as students and diplomats, primarily from Iran and other countries
Historical Context
Islam was introduced to Armenia during the Arab conquests in the 7th century, leading to centuries of Muslim presence under various empires, including the Arab Caliphate, Seljuks, Safavids, and Ottomans. By the late 19th century, Muslims—mainly Azerbaijanis and Kurds—formed a significant portion of the population in regions like the Erivan Governorate. However, during the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict (1988–1991), most of the Muslim population fled or was displaced, drastically reducing their numbers.
Places of Worship
The Blue Mosque in Yerevan, built in the 18th century by Iranian ruler Hoseyn Ali Khan, is the only active mosque in Armenia today. It serves as a religious and cultural center for Iranians residing in Armenia and Iranian tourists. In 2015, the Armenian government leased the mosque complex to the Iranian embassy for 99 years to use as a cultural center.
Contemporary Muslim Life
The current Muslim community in Armenia is small and primarily consists of foreign nationals. There are no significant Islamic organizations or institutions beyond the Blue Mosque. The community practices their faith privately or within the confines of the mosque, with limited public visibility.
Religious Freedom
Armenia’s constitution guarantees freedom of religion, and the government generally respects this right in practice. However, the dominant role of the Armenian Apostolic Church in national identity can pose challenges for religious minorities, including Muslims, in terms of social integration and recognition.
Armenia
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Country Code: +374